Ventilation devices: types and design features

Ventilation systems of natural and forced types are an important component in creating a comfortable microclimate in the house. In the arrangement of the kitchen, bathroom and domestic premises, natural air exchange channels complement decorative grilles with certain functionality, fans and hoods.

Decorative ventilation grilles: a brief overview of the characteristics

An integral part of the air exchange system is ventilation grilles. Depending on the characteristics of the model are divided into several categories:

varieties at the place of application: facade and interior. Transfer models - a category of internal ventilation grilles - are mounted in the interior walls, door leaf;
the catalog includes types of decorative lattices, classified by material: aluminum models are made of aluminum and galvanized steel, and the interior of the canal is used mainly plastic, but there are also metal ones - copper, brass and bronze;
varieties of gratings according to the installation option: wall, ceiling, floor, for windowsill, door and universal use;
types of installation method: overhead - installed on the interior outlet of the duct - also bear a decorative load, built-in - put on the street outlet of the channel;
Varieties according to the method of use: supply, exhaust and supply and exhaust. Each of the models of decorative ventilation grilles provides for the use in air ducts of the corresponding purpose.

By design, the following types of ventilation grills are distinguished:

Venetian blinds - adjustable designs with movable cilia straps or a movable gate valve. Models are controlled manually or electronically, if integrated into an automated ventilation system.
With non-return valve - the design does not allow air from the channel to enter the room. The backpressure valve is included in the fan or grill kit, it is often integrated separately.

Also emit ventilation gratings slotted and pediment. The first option is relevant when laying an air exchange system in suspended ceilings. Front-mounted ventilation grids are used in the roof system to service the under-roof space.

Exhaust fans: varieties, application features

The fan is installed at the inlet of the air exchange channel or into the track. Designs for the device are divided into the following types:

Axial fans They have compact dimensions and average performance. The operation of the axial fan is accompanied by characteristic noise if the model is not equipped with vibration dampers. The design is economical due to low power consumption.
Centrifugal fans. Able to move air masses over long distances in comparison with axial models. Work without noise effects. Centrifugal fans spend 3-4 times more electricity than an analog with an axial working mechanism of equal performance.

Fans according to the installation method are divided into several types:

wall mounted;
Ceiling
universal;
channel.

Channel modifications of various capacities are installed in the gap of the exhaust route. They are relevant when connecting several rooms to a single ventilation duct, sometimes they are also used in the individual version of the air exchange route.

Hoods: types, functional features

The purpose of the cooker hood is to remove odors and water vapor that are released during cooking, to clean the air from the combustion products. According to the principle of operation, hoods are divided into 2 groups:

Recirculation - purify the air by passing a stream through the filters and serve back to the kitchen.
Flowing - remove the exhaust air mass by removing combustion products through an external ventilation system.

Flow-through devices are more efficient than recirculation versions of the device.

Varieties of Cooker Hoods

Hoods by design features differ in several groups:

Suspended models of a flat configuration - are installed above the stove. A brief overview of the characteristics of the devices:
- operate in recirculation mode;
- have a low power motor and a disposable filter;
- sold at relatively inexpensive prices, the design is easy to install and maintain.
Dome hoods - are installed above the hob to the wall or ceiling. There are options with a flow mechanism and a recirculating type of action. The configuration resembles the appearance of a cone, it is expensive, it looks status, it is often used in the arrangement of luxury kitchens.
Built-in models - most often mounted in a hanging cabinet above the stove, equipped with a retractable panel, which maximizes the air intake area. Features of the built-in hood:
- models are often equipped with two power units, in this regard, built-in hoods are more efficient than single-engine counterparts;
- the presence of a large work surface contributes to high-quality air cleaning even in a spacious kitchen;
- Innovative models have a multilayer aluminum filter system, which allows high-quality capture fractions of dirt, dust, grease.

Hoods of angular modification refer to suspended structures, as a rule, are available in standard flat form or in the form of a dome model. Not often, but there are also varieties of the slider type of execution and inclined options. Another, no less presentable version of the design is the island hood. The model is relevant in the design of an island-style kitchen, it is mounted to the ceiling above the hob. Regardless of the forms and design features, hoods are designed to provide a high-quality microclimate in the kitchen space.