Types of gates for a garage and a private house
Content
The types of gates can be classified according to several criteria: purpose, design, basic materials for manufacturing, the number of canvases, directions and method of opening, the presence of a gate. Depending on the material of construction, the following types of gates are made:
- steel - provide high site security. However, they differ in solid weight, which means - the complexity of the installation. In addition, metal gates are sensitive to high humidity and need special treatment with anti-corrosion compounds;
- wooden have a beautiful decorative look. They give an individual look to the site, organically look at cottages with wooden houses. However, they are characterized by a short service life due to the instability of wood to ultraviolet radiation, changes in humidity and temperature (it quickly dries and cracks);
- any types of forged gates will give the site an elegant look. They are perfectly combined with other materials and are suitable for arranging a plot of a country house. They are not cheap. At the request of the owner, the forging pattern can be individual and unique;
- corrugated can be called the most popular option due to the availability and practicality of the material.
In accordance with the appearance of the gate, it is possible to install structures completely closed or having some sections open, which allows visitors to see or part of the territory.
There are several general requirements for the gate:
- reliability - failure-free opening of canvases;
- the design shall exclude the possibility of their dismantling from the outside. And also it is impossible to allow the possibility of dismantling the locking devices from the outside;
- for the manufacture of wooden gates use coniferous wood: pine, spruce, cedar fir. The use of alder, linden, poplar is allowed.
Types of swing gates
These designs can be considered classic. Different options for swing gates are used for arranging and enclosing domestic and industrial buildings. The product consists of two wings, which are attached to the supports with hinges. In order not to use the internal space, the doors open only outward. You can install a single-leaf model. In this case, the width of the blade can lead to sagging of the sash, and also requires more space for opening, so it is irrational to install such a gate on large openings.
Advantages: easy installation, reasonable cost, you can equip different types of gates and gates, good resistance to breaking.
Disadvantages: modest appearance, possible deformation of the valves in strong winds, the mandatory presence of free space for opening / closing the valves.
All types of entrance gates can be made of different materials: aluminum profile, sandwich panels, forged. Metal frames can be sheathed with corrugated board, iron sheets or wood.
Gates for a private house are installed with a mortise gate or a separate one. When mounting the structure, it is recommended to raise the flaps by at least 5-10 cm in order to exclude interference with the possible lifting of the soil.
It is most optimal to install any type of swing gates in garden plots and open areas.
Types of Sliding Gates
It is advisable to mount these structures on openings of large width. The gates consist of the following elements: cantilever beam, system of rollers and supports, sashes. The door leaf, when opened, moves to the left / right on the casters. You can install the product, the leaves of which are moving apart.
All types of sliding gates have the following advantages: independence from the free area in front of the gates, the possibility of arranging gates in the doorway, excellent resistance to strong winds.
Cons: high cost, the space along the gate should be free.
In a small room, such a system does not fit, so such a garage door is not suitable.
Types of sectional doors
It makes sense to install such products on openings with a width of 7.5 m and a height of 5.5 m. The canvas is made in the form of sandwich panels filled with polyurethane and interconnected by a hinge mechanism (this ensures high flexibility). Thanks to special sealants, high tightness is provided. When opening the leaf moves along the guides. If the gate is fully open, then the entire canvas is located under the ceiling, parallel to the floor.
Advantages of the design: there is no need for free space in front of / behind the structure, high thermal conductivity, the possibility of inserting a window / gate, there are no restrictions on the parameters of the product, panoramic windows can be used.
Disadvantages of the product: the shape of the ceiling should allow the installation of gates, the high cost, the presence of many moving elements complicate the design, for the installation of the system, a steel / concrete frame must be constructed around the perimeter of the opening.
Automated gates of this kind can be considered the most popular when arranging garages or some premises.
Types of Overhead Gates
There are different types of lifting gates: when the blade of the structure is wound on the axis when lifting and when the blade has a rigid structure and simply rotates.
Product advantages: silent and smooth opening / closing, space-saving due to the practicality of the design, safe operation, the possibility of arranging a wicket / window, manual / automatic control.
Cons of constructions: they are in demand only for rectangular openings, when the position is open, the opening height decreases by an average of 20 cm, repair of individual sections is not provided.
This option is better for garage doors or storage.
How to install a gate from a profiled sheet with your own hands
When choosing a gate for giving, preference is given to models that are easy to install and convenient to operate. Gate types with sash widths of 3.5-4 meters will be suitable for a car or small truck to drive into the area. The welded frame can have a height of about 2 meters. It’s expensive to install heavy forged gates on a garden plot, and wooden models are less resistant to difficult weather conditions. Gates from corrugated board will be the best option.
Decking refers to roofing materials and is a profiled sheet of galvanized steel. Additional protection and decorative appearance of the product gives the polymer layer. Advantages of this building material: strength, long service life, pleasant aesthetic appearance, low weight (simplifies delivery and installation).
The design consists of rigid metal frames, sheathing (corrugated board), racks, hinges, latches (locks).
Work stages
- Marking of the site for the gate.
- In the places where the support posts are installed, pits are excavated (about a meter deep and 20-40 cm in diameter). The bottom is laid out with a pillow of sand and gravel. Poles are installed in the recesses and filled with concrete. It is important to follow the vertical arrangement of the supports.Hinges are installed only after the final hardening of concrete.
- Frameworks for frames are recommended to be made of a material similar to the material of the pillars. Collect structures should be on a flat platform. Frames of rectangular shapes are welded, and the corners are additionally reinforced with steel corners.
- The long sides of the frames are laid out in three parts. Frames are additionally reinforced with two jumpers (welded in marked places). Hinges and additional steel corners are welded to the joints. According to the markings, bolts are also welded.
- After welding, the attachment points are ground, primed and all structures are painted.
- At the place of assembly of the frames, sheathing of the frames is performed. To fix the corrugated board, screws with hexagonal heads are used. Sheets can be attached to the frame or to an additionally welded steel strip. To fix 1 square meter of the sheet, at least 6 screws are used so that the gate leaves can withstand wind loads.
- After fixing the profiled sheets, the gates are hung on the hinges.
The unconditional popularity of the gate model is explained by its advantages: low weight, decorativeness (you can individually choose the color of the fence), reasonable price.
Advantages of the model: light weight, decorativeness (you can individually choose the color of the fence), reasonable price.
Types of automatic gates
To increase the functionality and practicality of the door, you can automate the opening / closing process. For automation of swing gates, devices with linear and underground drive, lever action systems are used.
A worm gear is installed in the linear drive system. Similar devices with “average performance” are installed on gates with a maximum web weight of 600 kg and a width of no more than 3 m. Equipment advantages: the ability to be attached to narrow posts, the slow movement of the shutters at the end of opening / closing (prolongs the service life of the equipment), there is a system manual control of sashes in case of emergency power outage. The disadvantages include a limited opening angle of the sash - 90 degrees.
The lever drive allows independent installation of the device by the owner of the house building. The system is installed on a monolithic gate. The advantages of the device include the presence of a built-in backup battery. This ensures the preservation of working qualities during a power outage. It is also important that the leaves can move smoothly throughout the course and open 120 degrees already. The downside is the ability to install only on wide columns.
Underground automatic door opening system does not change the appearance of the gate and is almost invisible to the prying eye. The device is suitable for equipping gates with a leaf weight of about 900 kg and a width of up to 5 m. The drive is located in a housing that protects the equipment from rust. Advantages of the system: quiet and smooth operation. Depending on the configuration of the device, the opening angle of the sash can vary - from 110˚ to 360˚. To ensure trouble-free operation of the system, it is advisable to entrust its installation to professionals.
All types of automatic gates are gradually pushing mechanical structures out of the market, as they are not only comfortable during operation, but also guarantee reliable protection. The main advantage can be considered the possibility of equipping a suitable automatic system of any type of gate: swing, sliding, rolling, up-and-over and sectional.
