Country houses: main features and options for execution

Are you going to build or buy a country house? Find out from our review which construction and decoration materials to prefer, what amenities to equip your home and what to build on the land.

Foundation and walls

Country houses are divided into two large categories: for permanent or for summer living.The houses in which they live all year round are thoroughly insulated and have all the necessary communications: heating, water supply to the house and a sewage system. Both types are related to capital construction, that is, the construction is based on a foundation, which can be tape, slab, columnar or pile. Before choosing the type of foundation, you should decide what the walls of the house will be built from. For a structure from a log or a timber, a columnar or pile one is quite enough, and under brick walls you will need to make a tape. In the Russian climate, the following materials are chosen for the construction of walls for a house with a permanent residence:

timber;
log;
brick;
various blocks.

Widespread frame construction. Buildings of this type are being quickly erected, are light in weight and relatively inexpensive.

What to make a roof from?

Today, there is a large assortment of roofing materials on sale, from the most budgetary to exclusive ones. The most popular are:

slate;
roof tile;
ondulin;
metal tile;
bituminous or composite tile.

All modern roofing materials are environmentally friendly, do not burn and have a long service life if properly installed.

Facilities

Achievements of technical thought of the last decades allow to have a level of comfort in a private house comparable to urban conditions. The following communications are the most necessary for permanent residence in a country house:

inexpensive and efficient heating;
bringing cold water into the house and its heating;
autonomous sewage device.

Let's consider them in more detail.

Heating

For heating a country house, there are three options:

stove;
gas;
electric.

It is optimal to heat the house with gas, but in its absence use the two remaining ones. Most often they are combined. For example, in a house with stove heating, electric infrared or oil heaters are additionally installed. They are mounted in those places where people are most often: above beds, under windows, next to the dining area or in children's rooms.

Water pipes

In the absence of a centralized water supply system, there are two ways to solve the problem of providing a private house with water: dig a well or drill a well. Both of these methods have their pros and cons. The simplest solution is to dig a well. It is justified in cases where at the level of 5-15 meters there is an aquifer and it is of sufficient power. Well Benefits:

low labor costs;
non-volatility;
long service life;
inexpensive service.

At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the well needs regular cleaning, in hot and dry weather it can dry out. Also, underground water, sand and silt may enter a leaky well. If the aquifer is located at a considerable depth, drill a well. Its advantages are as follows:

stable water level;
water is much cleaner compared to the well;
with proper installation, the well practically does not need to be repaired.

The downside is that for drilling will have to attract specialists with professional equipment. Well pumps are much more expensive than well pumps.

Sewerage

Following the passage of water into the house, the problem of drainage immediately arises. It is usually solved by installing a septic tank. Its appearance depends on the number of people in the house and the intensity of water use. On average, one person spends about 200 liters of water per day. Accordingly, the same amount will go into the sewer. At high costs for pumping effluents, it is worth thinking about the design of a septic tank without pumping. As a rule, it consists of three sections. After purification in a septic tank, the clarified waters are quite suitable for watering the site or for draining them into a storm sewer.

Buildings on the site

The presence of the land allows you to solve many problems, for the solution of which the city has to regularly allocate funds. On the site you can build:

garage for car;
workshop;
bath or sauna;
firewood man;
cellar;
Guest House.

In a separate recreation area, gazebos with barbecue or barbecue are being built, playgrounds and sports grounds for children and adults, swimming pools, artificial ponds with water plants and fish.