Septic tank for giving: features and advantages (20 photos)

An increasing number of people want to live in the country with urban comfort. To conduct water in a country house, a bathhouse or a toilet is not at all difficult. As well as installing a kitchen sink, shower or toilet with flushing. However, many people consider wastewater disposal to be a problem for several reasons:

• the installation of a concrete cesspool is rather laborious and expensive;
• if the cesspool is small, it will be necessary to pump out often, which is uneconomical;
• calling a cesspool machine to a summer cottage can be quite expensive, especially if it is far from the city;
• with a high level of groundwater, pumping will have to be done more often.

The output can be found in the septic tank without pumping.

The device of a septic tank for giving

Septic tank is a wastewater reservoir in which solid organic particles are decomposed by microorganisms into carbon dioxide, methane and water. The most effective are septic tanks, consisting of two or three sections. All sections are interconnected by overflow pipes, have inspection hatches and ventilation. The sections are airtight, and in the last bottom is a drainage.

The principle of action of the septic tank is as follows:

1. Wastewater enters the first settling chamber. In it, solid particles settle to the bottom, and water after such an initial treatment is poured into the next section.
2. In the second tank, water is purified using bacteria that decompose organic matter. As a result, decomposed organic matter settles to the bottom in the form of silt.
3. The clarified water enters the third drainage tank and is absorbed into the ground.

Water purified in this way poses no danger.

Septic tank for giving without pumping: advantages and disadvantages

Having arranged a septic tank in the country without pumping, you can get a lot of advantages:

• the complete absence of unpleasant odors, since only carbon dioxide and methane, which are odorless, are released through the ventilation openings;
• the sludge formed at the bottom is decomposed organic matter and is quite suitable as a fertilizer;
• water after cleaning by bacteria is considered completely safe for the environment and can be used for irrigation;
• a correctly mounted septic tank does not need special care and can go without cleaning for up to ten years;
• the whole system is underground, does not take up space and does not spoil the landscape;
• a septic tank is non-volatile if aerators are not used;
• a small septic tank can be made with your own hands from improvised means.

The disadvantages of such a septic tank are relative:

• the use of chlorine-containing detergents leads to the death of bacteria;
• after a few years, the system will still require pumping;
• The price of a septic tank is quite high.

It is also worth noting that an improperly calculated septic tank performance can lead to the fact that water, without having to undergo treatment, will fall into the soil, therefore, before installing a treatment system, it is necessary to carefully calculate how much effluent will enter it daily.

Choosing a septic tank for a summer residence: how to calculate the volume

According to sanitary standards, one person uses about 200 liters of water per day. The same amount will go into the sewer. In the first section of the drive, the drains should be at least three days old, so the minimum septic tank, designed for one person, should hold 600 liters. Now you need to multiply this figure by the number of people and round up.

For example, three people live in a house, which means that the total volume of wastewater will be equal to 1.8 m³, which means that the volume of the septic tank must be at least 2 m³. In this case, the first section should account for 2/3 of the total volume. For a three-chamber septic tank, the remaining volume is divided equally into the remaining sections.

How to choose a place for a septic tank in the country?

When choosing a place for a sewage treatment plant, it is necessary to be guided by several rules:

• the distance to the foundation of a residential building should be at least 5 meters;
• from the well - 50 meters;
• from the reservoir - 30 meters;
• from trees - 3 meters;

if the site is on a slope, the septic tank must be located below the level of the house and the well.

Failure to comply with these rules may result in wastewater entering the water intake and contaminating drinking water with harmful bacteria.

Types of septic tanks for giving

There are many types of septic tanks that do not require regular pumping. There are economical options at hand and ready-made factory settings. Most of them are non-volatile, that is, they do not need electricity. In summer conditions, this can be very convenient. Consider the most common options.

Septic barrel for garden

One of the most economical options for installing summer sewage in the country is a septic tank made of metal or plastic barrels. This simplest mini-septic tank for giving can consist of one barrel, dug upside down in the ground. A hole for the sewer pipe is cut out in the upper part of the barrel, the barrel itself is mounted on a pillow of coarse sand and gravel. This option is only suitable for gray kitchen drains, provided that mild detergents (laundry soap) are used to wash the dishes.

An improved version of such a septic tank will be two communicating barrels. The first barrel of the drive should be with a sealed bottom, the second barrel - drainage. In the second case, it is better to choose plastic barrels, since metal bottom quickly rusts.

Septic tanks for giving from eurocubes

Eurocubes are plastic containers for water. Cameras from them should be installed on a solid concrete base, so that the entire structure does not move under the influence of groundwater. Before installing the tanks are insulated to protect against freezing and installed in the pit. Then the eurocubes are filled with water, the walls of the pit are concreted. Pipes for ventilation are brought to the surface. The system is insulated from above. For effective drainage, it is advisable to add a filtration field to the system, which distributes the purified water to a large area.

Simple septic tank for giving from concrete rings

For the device of a septic tank for giving often use concrete rings. They are strong, durable, have good tightness. The system can be quickly mounted, but special equipment is needed for transporting and stacking the rings.

Concrete rings are available in different diameters, they need to be selected taking into account the desired volume of the septic tank. The foundation pit for such a septic tank must be concreted; for a filtering well, a pillow of crushed stone is needed. The rings are placed one on top of the other, the joints must be insulated with cement mortar and special waterproofing materials. At this stage, it is necessary to provide for the supply of pipes to the rings.

It is important to calculate the angle of the pipe and its diameter. Then the concrete chambers fall asleep. Only ventilation outlets and inspection wells remain above the surface. With error-free calculation of volume and proper installation, such a septic tank will relieve worries about water disposal for many years.

Septic for a brick house

This inexpensive version of the device of country sewerage can still be cheaper if you deal with bricklaying yourself. Since the entire system is underground, the flaws of such masonry will not be noticeable. For septic tanks, brick or ordinary red brick is used. The sequence of work on the device of a brick septic tank is as follows:

1. digging a pit;
2. sand-gravel mixture is poured at the bottom and the foundation is poured;
3. the walls are laid out in one brick;
4. sewer and ventilation pipes are mounted;
5. masonry is insulated with bitumen or special mastic;
6. a slab and a hatch for servicing the installation are laid on top.

If you have small skills in bricklaying, a similar septic tank can be laid out in a few days with your own hands. Only for the installation of the top plate may you need a crane.

Plastic septic tank for gardening

It can be simple barrels, eurocubes or a factory system. The device of a plastic septic tank for giving is beneficial for many reasons:

• light weight for easy transportation;
• extensive assortment;
• long service life;
• resistance to aggressive environments;
• good tightness;
• simple installation.

Companies involved in the production of local treatment systems have long appreciated all the benefits of plastic. Almost all septic tanks are made of it. A big plus is that recycled plastic waste is used for production.

How to make a septic tank for a cottage with high groundwater?

A high level of groundwater can be a big obstacle for the arrangement of a septic tank, since under-treated water can mix with groundwater and pollute them. The optimal solution would be to build a sealed septic tank. Instead of filtering fields, it is necessary to use special filtering cartridges that are mounted on the surface. The most suitable material will be plastic or concrete, but it is better to refuse the use of tires, concrete rings or brickwork. The greatest efficiency will bring horizontally located containers. So that the system does not freeze, it must be well insulated. The degree of purification in this case will be higher if several cameras are used.

Anaerobic septic tanks for gardening

This type is a cesspool and is usually used as a septic tank for a toilet in the country. For large volumes of effluent, it is completely unsuitable, but for a small amount of wastewater it is quite suitable. Anaerobic septic tank is cheap and easy to install. For a country house with a low discharge rate, such a system will be quite enough.

The process of decomposition of sewage in the anaerobic septic tank can be increased by populating colonies of bacteria that decompose organic matter. Then the degree of purification is doubled.

Septic tanks for giving: which is better

The market offers a variety of off-the-shelf models for local wastewater treatment systems. Based on customer reviews and sales, you can make a rating of factory-made septic tanks. The following models are considered the best in quality and optimal in price:

• a plastic septic tank of six chambers with an Ecopan biofilter is designed for 6-8 people;
• installation from two tanks with the Breeze biofilter. Designed for 3-5 people who constantly use water;
• modular septic tank "Graf" is available with one, two or three sections;
• The Astra purification system is designed to collect and process wastewater from several private houses at once.

Without a doubt, the best septic tanks without pumping are industrial designs, where all the subtleties are thought out by specialists, and manufacturers guarantee absolute tightness and a high degree of purification. However, a simple septic tank for a country house, made by yourself in compliance with all precautions, will always be a good and economical alternative to the factory one.