Types and proper use of putty (21 photos)

Known material for leveling walls, eliminating cracks or coating joints is putty. It is a mixture that is applied before painting, wallpapering and other construction and repair work.

Nowadays, putty is available in the form of dry and ready-made mixtures.

Dry mixes in the composition have astringents, which must be diluted with water in the indicated proportions before use. They can be used for all types of surfaces to apply layers of any thickness, but the period of use of dry mixtures is limited. Therefore, when preparing putty, this factor must be taken into account.

Various latexes or dispersions are taken as the basis for ready-made mixtures. These mixtures are convenient in that they do not need to be diluted and the shelf life is unlimited. However, they can only be applied with a layer thickness of up to 5 mm.

Putty is also divided into types according to various characteristics.

Types of putty for interior use

They are classified according to several criteria:

• by composition;
• by particle size;
• by appointment.

Depending on the composition of the putty, they are divided: gypsum, cement and polymer.

Gypsum putty the most common, easy to apply and sand. Its main property is whiteness and plasticity. Gypsum absorbs and gives away moisture from the air, so putty from this material is suitable for any room.

Cement putty mainly used in the repair of rooms with high humidity.

Polymer putty it is used for finishing work in rooms going to completion; it is also convenient to use it for puttying joints and joints.

Putties are emitted depending on the size of the particles. coarse (particle size - 200 microns or more), medium dispersed (particles smaller than 80 microns) and fine (particle size is 20 microns or less).

The purpose of the putty may be different depending on the work performed. Therefore, putties are divided into starting, finishing, universal and specialized.

Starting putty It is applied before starting work in order to correct rough surface irregularities. It is selected depending on the material on which it will be applied.

Finishing putty Designed to eliminate minor defects or scratches. As a rule, it is applied in a very thin layer and cannot be polished.

Universal putty Suitable for almost all types of surfaces. It can be a substitute for finishing and starting putty, combining their functions. But this putty is expensive.

Appointment specialized putty depends on what additives it has. Apply it to solve certain problems.

Next, we consider what types of putties are for certain surfaces and types of work.

Drywall putties

Drywall is a very convenient and practical of building materials. It is used for ceilings, walls, frames, partitions when repairing an apartment. After covering walls or ceilings with drywall, it is necessary to putty all the bumps that are visible on the drywall sheets.

When leveling drywall, various types of putties are used. First of all, it is necessary to evaluate the sheets.If the drywall sheet is even, it will be enough to cover up the places where the screws are screwed in and the places where the sheets are joined.

It is also important to evaluate whether the wallpaper will be glued or whether the walls or ceilings will be painted, because it will also be necessary to choose a specific putty.

To putty drywall, plaster putty is more often chosen. Since it has the property of plasticity, it is convenient to use. But, if the room in which the walls or ceilings are finished have high humidity, it is better to use cement putty.

Before painting or gluing wallpaper, various polymer putties are often applied to drywall. The most popular is acrylic putty. It can be used in various rooms, but its cost is high.

Also, when choosing hard putty for drywall, its purpose must be taken into account. When aligning gross defects, select starting putties, for closing small cracks and scratches - finish.

Putty for painting and wallpapering

Before painting the walls and ceiling or gluing them with wallpaper, as indicated earlier, it is necessary to putty all the bumps. Sometimes they also putty so that the paint or wallpaper fits well.

In such cases, polymer putty is best suited. It is of the following types:

• Glue hard putty, which contains glue, drying oil and chalk. Most often, it is used before wallpapering the walls.
• Oil-glue putty consists of such components as water, drying oil, plasticizers. Suitable for painting the ceiling, as well as for wallpapering on the wall.
• Latex putty, which is very similar in composition to oil-glue plaster. Only its composition is supplemented with a calcite filler.
• Acrylic putty prepared from chemical raw materials. It can be said to be universal, because it combines all the properties of other leveling mixtures.
• Oil putty consists of desiccant, chalk and drying oil. It is convenient to use before painting the ceiling or walls in rooms with high humidity.

As you can see, in the modern world a variety of putties for painting and wallpapering is represented. Choosing a suitable putty, you can get smooth and beautiful ceilings and walls.

Hard putty on wood

In a separate group, putties on wood can be taken out. They have synthetic resins and pigments in their composition. Pigments allow you to get different shades of wood.

Today, there are only two types of wood putties: solvent based and water based. These species are divided into the following types:

• Solvent-based putties are used only in production. They are toxic and unsafe for humans. But the advantages include: a variety of shades of wood, resistance to various temperature conditions and quick drying.
• Acrylic putties are mainly used for decorative flooring made of wood. The advantages of this putty are that it is moisture resistant and fireproof, but large defects cannot be fixed with it.
• Epoxy putty is practical. It is odorless and does not settle when dried. When puttying a wooden floor, it is better not to use it.
• Latex putties are versatile and ideal for working with wood surfaces. They are considered environmentally friendly, odorless and dry very quickly.
• Oil putties on wood are considered strong and durable, but they dry for a long time.
• Plaster wood putties are the cheapest and even any wooden surfaces.

These are all types of wood putties that currently exist.

Decorative putty

Increasingly, putty began to be used to decorate the walls and ceilings of apartments. The stores offer a wide selection of decorative putties. Consider the main types of decorative putty in composition and texture.

The composition distinguish the following decorative putties:

• mineral putties consisting of sand, gypsum and limestone. They are not expensive. But after applying this decorative putty, it is also necessary to apply a protective layer so that nothing falls.
• polymer putties have high ductility and stability. They include acrylic, epoxy.
• silicone putties are considered the most expensive, but they are not destroyed and durable.

By texture, decorative putty is divided into:

• Structural based on latex or silicates. Particles of this decorative putty have a different size.
• Textured, which create the likeness of fabric, stone and wood. The cost is quite expensive.
• Flock, in which cellulose, silk fibers, etc. They are the most expensive of all decorative putties. But they can create an imitation of different types of fabric.

In the modern world, putty is not only a material that evens out various surfaces, but also adorns the walls and ceilings of a house.