Any capital repairs of premises includes their rough finish. The essence of these works is to eliminate the shortcomings and leveling the surfaces of the floor, walls and ceiling to an ideal state, i.e. preparing them for applying finishing materials. Preceded by a rough finish of the premises dismantling of unnecessary structures and the construction of new necessary partitions.

Before the start of the draft work it is very important to clearly determine the future interior of the room. Without this, it is impossible to carry out a rough finish with high quality. In general terms, before starting work you need to know:

1. general layout of the apartment;
2. furniture location;
3. the location of electrical appliances and electrical wiring, the presence of sockets, switches, lamps;
4. type of interior doors;
5. types and arrangement of plumbing equipment;
6. type of ceilings;
7. wall decoration option;
8. type of flooring.

Thus, the rough finish of the room largely depends on the planned finishing materials.

Rough home decoration: main types of work

Roughing involves the following types of work:

• alignment of ceilings;
• alignment of walls;
• floor leveling;
• device warm floors (if necessary);
• installation of heating, water supply and sewage systems;
• electrical work;
• installation of windows and doors, glazing of balconies or loggias (if necessary).

The roughing technology and its materials are determined based on the selected future finish coatings. For example, if you plan to put different flooring in different rooms, then with the wrong approach you can achieve the fact that unnecessary elevations and thresholds will appear throughout the apartment. Therefore, the height of the screed floors and the difference in the thickness of the finish coatings are taken into account even at the stage of rough works.

Rough finishing: step-by-step instructions

 Alignment of walls and ceilings

We combined these two stages due to the fact that the alignment technologies for ceilings and walls are identical and require the use of the same materials.

It is worthwhile to emphasize that leveling the surface with mixtures is permissible most often with small differences. If the slope of the walls or ceilings is quite strong, it is best to dwell on the plating of the surface with drywall. For ceilings, there is a much wider variety of options: drywall can be replaced with suspended ceilings or with modular or solid suspended structures. Such types of ceilings provide more opportunities for organizing lighting, as well as for mounting multi-level curly surfaces.

A) If the choice was made in favor of leveling mixtures, then they are determined primarily by the type of base (concrete, brick, wood, etc.), the type of room (dry, wet) and, of course, the finishing material. When aligning ceilings and walls, it is necessary to use three types of mortars: primer, putty and plaster.

The purpose of the primer is to prevent damage to the base surface and improve its adhesion and absorption of subsequent layers. Dense substrates are usually coated with a primer with high adhesion qualities. The porous surface is treated with a substance with a deep degree of penetration.

Putties are designed to close up small bumps and chips. They are draft and finish. The first is used to level the first layer, with a rough relief. Finishing is used for the final leveling of the surface. Depending on the type of premises, putties based on cement or gypsum are purchased. The amount of filler work will depend on what kind of coating you are preparing the surface for.

If the walls and ceilings have strong irregularities, then the use of plaster is recommended.

To ensure the optimum quality of surface leveling, experts recommend using all components from one manufacturer. The main condition for the quality of the rough finish is the adhesion of all coatings to the previous ones.

It is very important that the process of rough finishing of the apartment is not artificially accelerated, in connection with the desire of the owner to quickly complete the repair. Each coating layer, whether it is a primer, putty or plaster, must necessarily dry to the end. Only in this case, high-quality work will be ensured on the alignment of surfaces.

B) If we stop at the alignment of walls and ceilings with the help of drywall, then this process can be called the most technologically advanced and easily controlled. There are fewer dangers to make a mistake, which in the end can affect the quality of all subsequent repairs.

Drywall installation can be carried out on a profile or on glue. Installation on the profile provides the owner of the room with the opportunity of insulation and additional sound insulation of the walls. In addition, the cavities formed under the sheets of drywall can be used to hide various engineering networks: heating, electricity, alarm, etc.

But some owners have a negative attitude towards such hollows and prefer mounting drywall on glue. This method, however, is more complex and will require certain skills from the master. It is also not suitable for surfaces with very large elevations.

The use of drywall in the alignment of steps and ceilings - this is, first of all, saving finances and time of the master. This method is preferable for surfaces with high differences, in which the plastering work will require too high skill, and will not guarantee perfect quality. Drywall is suitable for heat and sound insulation of a room.

Stucco is preferred in small rooms to avoid "eating up" precious centimeters of living space. The use of plaster is also recommended in wet rooms.

Floor leveling

To level the floor, you can use the following types of screeds:

• cement;
• dry
• bulk floor.

The alignment method is chosen based on the degree of floor difference, the type of sound insulation and the type of intended flooring in the room.

Cement screed is the most common way to level the floor. It is suitable for any topcoat and has a very affordable price. If it becomes necessary to raise the floor level (for example, for laying a "warm floor"), then align with expanded clay, giving additional sound and heat insulation to the floor. Cement screed does not endure haste and matures within 3 weeks.

Dry screed is the basis of bulk floors. Working with her is less time-consuming and more short-lived. In addition, a dry screed provides high floor insulation and the possibility of various communications. But at the same time, it is very important to strictly follow all recommendations for its use.

Bulk floors are prepared from dry building mixtures. They are applied only to a clean, primed surface. The use of such technologies is very popular today due to its simplicity and self-leveling properties.

Raising the question of the inadmissibility of rush in matters of rough decoration of the room, we once again draw attention to the fact that it affects the floors the worst. Screeding requires a certain amount of time and creating optimal conditions for drying. Failure to follow these guidelines may result in cracking of the coating.

The device of "warm floors"

“Warm floors” today are divided into two main groups: water and electrical systems. The decision in favor of this or that design must be taken together with specialists and very carefully, considering the technical and operational features of each of them.Electric "warm floors" are also divided into types according to their device: heating mats, cable systems or infrared film floors.

The installation of the "warm floor" system should be carried out only by competent specialists who will ensure its proper installation and uninterrupted operation. In addition, a specialized company will provide you with a guarantee and free system maintenance.

Installation of heating, water supply and sewage systems

To create comfortable living conditions in the house, it is necessary to take care of the maximum functionality of all heating devices in the premises, from radiators to water heated towel rails.

An important factor in ensuring the quality installation of the heating system is an understanding of its structure. In addition, it is necessary to choose the right elements and connections of the heating system. All these issues cannot be resolved without the help of a competent specialist; such works, as a rule, are not performed on their own.

Properly designed wiring of water and sewer pipes in the bathroom and in the kitchen is of no small importance for home comfort and coziness. Carrying out these works is also recommended to be trusted by professionals.

Electrical work

Before carrying out electrical work, it is necessary to carefully calculate the exit points, i.e. switches and sockets. Before starting work on electrical wiring, the location of all electrical appliances and fixtures is also considered. Wires can be hidden behind suspended structures or in boxes, or hidden in the walls.

Installation of windows and doors

It is better to entrust this part of the work to specialized companies. The material of structures, plastic or wood, each determines for itself. When ordering windows, it is very important to think over the options for airing rooms and install sashes that are convenient for use in this particular room. Interior doors are selected in accordance with the overall design of the apartment. You can replace this interior detail with an arch, which is made of drywall, or perform a wooden frill of openings.

The mass of options, and the choice of the final decision lies with you.

Consider what a rough and fine finish on the video