What are the wallpapers: how to care and glue
Content
Invention of the first of wallpaper, like papers, attributed to the Chinese. It is generally accepted that they were in the 2nd century BC. got something that no modern man can do without. A little later, wallpapers were invented. The secret of their manufacture for a long time passed from father to son and was kept in the strictest confidence. Only in the 6th century AD did the Japanese people reveal this secret to the rest of the world. By modernizing the production technology of this material, the Chinese began to make wallpaper from rice paper. The pattern on them was applied manually. This process required a lot of time and effort, so only representatives of the upper class could acquire them.
Much later, in the 17-18 centuries, wallpaper was invented in Europe. The pattern on them was made using artificial silk threads. Such decoration material adorned the residences of the heads of state and their subjects. The invention at the end of the 17th century of a machine for the production of wallpaper greatly accelerated the process of their manufacture. But it did not receive recognition in due time.
Some historians believe that wallpaper was invented back in the days of the first ancient states: Assyria, Babylon, etc. Their prototype was fabric, which was glued to the walls before the invention of paper. Modern excavations partially confirm this theory. One way or another, but the progenitors of the decoration material in question are the developed states of antiquity. Many technologies of those times we still borrow.
What are the wallpapers
Every year, fashion dictates to us its trends, which are perfectly visible in the species diversity of the wallpaper. They are divided into:
Paper
Perhaps the most commonly used wallpaper. Their service life does not exceed 5 years. Reduce thermal conductivity and increase sound insulation of walls. They have poor durability and cannot be used in damp rooms.
Vinyl
They appeared relatively recently. They have two layers: vinyl and paper. They are divided into:
- Heavy. It masks well the unevenness of the surface to be glued.
- Lungs. Easy to care for. The average service life is 15 years.
- Screen printing. Their distinguishing feature is gloss and smooth surface. This type of wallpaper can often be found with imitation silk.
Photowall-paper
They are paper with a graphic image of something. Relatively not expensive. There is the possibility of manufacturing these wallpapers for individual sizes.
Tufting - Wallpaper
They are carpet wallpaper, the surface of which is saturated with pile. Apply for wall decoration and the ceiling. Their inherent benefits are sound absorption and heat retention.
Metal
They are made by impregnating a paper base with a thin sheet of foil. The latter is superimposed by mechanical processes on a pattern or pattern. The top surface is well washed. To attach them to the wall surface, special glue is needed.
Cork
They are based on the bark of a special oak (cork). They are made by pressing. A distinctive feature of these wallpapers are their antibacterial properties.
Jute
They are a mix of jute for drapery and ordinary paper wallpaper. They do not need to be upholstered with walls, as with jute drapery. It is enough to apply glue to their paper base and stick to the previously prepared wall surface.
Linkrust
Like many types of wallpaper has a paper base.Their difference lies in the fact that a special mass is applied to the outer surface, on which various patterns are later extruded. Due to its properties, painting is easily and without deformation of the drawing.
Textile
It is a canvas made of paper pulp, threads or fabric. They have increased heat absorption, sound insulation, light resistance. Available in various colors and textures. They do not require adjustment of the canvas according to the pattern.
Liquid
On the surfaces pasted over with such wall-paper, seams are not noticeable. Apply by spray gun or roller. For their application, special paints are used. They are found in powder or liquid form.
Cullet
They are based on fibers from specialized glass. They are suitable for pasting the walls of allergy sufferers, non-toxic. They are suitable for sticking mill in office premises, as they have a high level of fire safety and water resistance.
Based on wood veneer
They have two layers: veneer and thick paper. Sold in the form of paintings.
Velor wallpaper
Durable enough, they do not fade. They can not be washed. Do not withstand various kinds of mechanical stress.
Serpyanka-based wallpapers
They are the youngest of the considered varieties of this finishing material. Their basis is a cellulose web. They have high strength and are not subject to stretching.
It should be noted that the wallpapers discussed above can be combined into several large groups. So, depending on the specifics of the rooms to be glued, they are divided into:
- wallpaper for bedrooms: paper, velor, acrylic, cork;
- for the kitchen: vinyl, silk-screen, paintable;
- for living room: velor, paper, textile, href = ”https://my.designexpts.com/en/8/inter-er-komnaty-s-fotooboyami/” target = ”_ blank”> photo wallpaper;
- for hallway: vinyl non-woven, cullet, wallpaper for painting, paper.
Pasting steps
No wonder it says: “How many people, so many opinions!” Each of us has its own rules for choosing tools, materials, as well as algorithms for conducting this process. In this regard, let us dwell on the fundamental moments of wallpapering:
At the very first stage of the work, the surface of the walls should be evaluated. If it is even, without tubercles and swellings, a special primer should be applied. Otherwise, it is necessary to level the walls either independently or by calling the necessary masters. After carrying out the application of the primer, it is necessary to wait a few days until it is absorbed and dries. Otherwise, all work will be in vain.
Preparatory work on video
When choosing glue, carefully read the instructions on the packaging. Remember that glue is divided into:
- universal, which is used for various types of wallpapers.
- specialized, designed for a certain type of wallpaper.
Pay attention to the packaging. The manufacturer sometimes indicates additional information: a restriction on the weight of the wallpaper, its type, etc.
Pasting the walls. Perhaps the most comfortable wallpapers are those that are pre-saturated with glue. It is enough to moisten the back side of the wallpaper with water and get to work. Things are worse if you yourself apply the adhesive mass on the wrong side of the wallpaper, since not many can boast of having the necessary skills in this work. If doubts about your abilities are visited more and more often, turn to professionals!
Wallpapering the walls is much simpler than the ceiling. The bands prepare those and other needs according to a similar algorithm. Wallpaper is glued as follows: by spreading the upper end of the strip attached to the top line, while simultaneously checking it so that it overlaps the adjacent strip. Allowed overlapping of the bands by a maximum of 1 cm.
At the locations of the switches and sockets, the wallpaper must be glued as follows: remove the cover of the socket and stick them in the usual way.The contours of the outlet or switch are cut out after drying, then screw the cover back on. This work should only be done when the power is off, and the warning switch should be placed on the main switch: “Caution, do not turn it on!”. How are wallpaper glued on various protrusions, racks, a niche? Part of the ungreased adhesive strip is applied to the wall to determine its best position. At the same time they are guided by the proverb “Measure seven times, cut one”.
If, however, it turns out that a mistake was made when marking the wallpaper, then you will have to add a piece of wallpaper in addition. In this case, remember that the upper part of the strip should always overlap the lower one. On the sides they should also overlap. If there are baseboards in the room, then they must be removed and the wallpaper glued to the floor, and then the baseboards should be nailed.
If, when gluing wallpaper, the canvas began to move away from the wall, then it should be moistened and glued on the removed surface to be glued back. If the wallpaper is still wet, then they are simply additionally smeared with glue and fixed in the right place.
If bubbles appeared under the canvas, then a clerical knife, a small tube of glue and a needle will help to eliminate them. The latter will be needed if the bubbles are small. It will be enough to pierce them and to attach a little glue there to attach to the wall surface. With large swelling of the wallpaper we use a paper knife. Carefully draw a line through the center. accumulated air. Next, we process the resulting incision with glue and fix the wallpaper in the desired position. You must remember that you should wait about a day or two to completely dry the glued canvas and only then should repair work be continued.
How to care for wallpaper
Dirt and stains are most difficult to remove from paper wallpapers. This is largely due to the texture of the material itself. The painted surface does not have a protective layer, therefore, when exposed to cleaning agents, other problems may arise. These include: loss and change of color, fading, and much more, up to the formation of holes. If you wish, you can re-stick the wallpaper, this is not a big problem at the moment. An alternative way is to decorate. With the help of various kinds of applications, you can create a unique interior design, and the spots will remain in place as its integral component. The surface of paper wallpaper can be protected with synthetic varnish.
In cases with vinyl wallpaper, you can try to save them, since they are detergents. First you need to take a similar wallpaper from the storerooms and check the cleaning chemicals on it. Washable wallpapers are made of material coated with a thin layer of PVC film. Depending on their structural features, they can be washed with a sponge, brush and detergent.
Only dry processing applies to textile wallpaper. It includes cleaning with a soft brush or vacuum cleaner. Small spots are removed with a damp sponge or any other piece of soft cloth. Remember that they should not be wet, but only moistened. It is not recommended to exert effort.
Liquid wallpaper (for example, compositions made from natural cotton and cellulose fibers) must be looked after with a vacuum cleaner and a mixed towel, preferably slightly damp.
The resistance of the wallpaper to damp cleaning - vinyl, paper, non-woven, fiberglass - often depends on the quality of the coated paint.
- Wallpaper that has been painted with water-based paint must be wiped with a damp cloth;
- painted with latex, acrylic or waterborne dispersion paints may be washed with warm water with the addition of a non-abrasive universal detergent.
Remember, organic solvents are strictly prohibited, and for any type of wallpaper!
